Profit & Loss


Important Facts:


Cost Price: The price at which an article is purchased,
is called its cost price,abbreviated as C.P.

Selling Price: The price at which an article is sold,
is called its selling price,abbreviated as S.P.

Profit or Gain: If S.P. Is greater than C.P. The seller
is said to have a profit or gain.

Loss: if S.P. Is less than C.P., the seller is said to
have incurred a loss.

Formula
                         
1.Gain=(S.P-C.P)
2.Loss=(C.P-S.P)
3.Loss or Gain is always reckoned on C.P.
4.Gain%=(gain*100)/C.P
5.Loss%=(loss*100)/C.P
6.S.P=[(100+gain%)/100]*C.P
7.S.P=[(100-loss%)/100]*C.P
8.C.P=(100*S.P)/(100+gain%)
9.C.P=(100*S.P)/(100-loss%)
10.If an article is sold at a gain of say,35%,then S.P=135% of C.P.
11.If an article is sold at a loss of say,35%,then S.P=65% of C.P.
12.When a person sells two similar items, one at a gain of say,
x%,and the other at a loss of x%,then the seller always incurs a
loss given by Loss%=[common loss and gain %/10]2=(x/10)2
13.If a trader professes to sell his goods at cost price,but uses
false weight,then Gain%=[(error/(true value-error))*100]%
14.Net selling price=Marked price-Discount

                                               

Simple Problems

1.A man buys an article for Rs.27.50 and sells it for Rs.28.60
Find the gain percent.

Sol:     C.P=Rs 27.50        S.P=Rs 28.60
         then Gain=S.P-C.P=28.60-27.50=Rs 1.10
        Gain%=(gain*100)/C.P%
             =(1.10*100)/27.50%=4%

2.If a radio is purchased for Rs 490 and sold for Rs 465.50
Find the loss%?

Sol:  C.P=Rs 490      S.P=Rs 465.50
        Loss=C.P-S.P=490-465.50=Rs 24.50
         Loss%=(loss*100)/C.P%
              =(24.50*100)/490%=5%

3.Find S.P when C.P=Rs 56.25 and Gain=20%

Sol:   S.P=[(100+gain%)/100]*C.P
      S.P=[(100+20)/100]56.25=Rs 67.50

4.Find S.P when C.P=Rs 80.40,loss=5%

Sol:    S.P=[(100-loss%)/100]*C.P
        S.P=[(100-5)/100]*80.40=Rs 68.34

5.Find C.P when S.P=Rs 40.60,gain=16%?

Sol:     C.P=(100*S.P)/(100+gain%)
         C.P=(100*40.60)/(100+16)=Rs 35

6.Find C.P when S.P=Rs 51.70 ,loss=12%?

Sol:     C.P=(100*S.P)/(100-loss%)
         C.P=(100*51.70)/(100-12)=Rs 58.75
 
7.A person incurs 5% loss by selling a watch for Rs 1140 . At
what price should the watch be sold to earn 5% profit?

Sol:  Let the new S.P be  Rs x then,
        (100-loss%):(1st S.P)=(100+gain%):(2nd S.P)
             (100-5)/1140=(100+5)/x
       x=(105*1140)/95=Rs 1260

8.If the cost price is 96% of the selling price,then what is
the profit percent?

Sol:       let S.P=Rs 100 then C.P=Rs 96
             profit=S.P-C.P=100-96=Rs 4
             profit%=(profit*C.P)/100%
                    =(4*96)/100=4.17%

9.A discount dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price
but uses a weight of 960 gms for a Kg weight .Find his gain %?

Sol:             Gain%=[(error*100)/(true value-error)]%
                      =[(40*100)/1000-40)]%=25/6%

10.A man sold two flats for Rs 675,958 each .On one he gains
16% while on the other he losses 16%.How much does he gain or
lose in the whole transaction?

Sol:         loss%=[common loss or gain%/10]2=(16/10)2=2.56%

11.A man sold two cows at Rs 1995 each. On one he lost 10% and
on the other he gained 10%.what his gain or loss percent?

Sol:      If loss% and gain% is equal to 10
             then there is no loss or no gain.

12.The price of an article is reduced by 25% in order to
restore the must be increased by ?

Sol:      [x/(100-x)]*100 =[25/(100-25)]*100
                          =(25/75)*100=100/3%

13.Two discounts of 40% and 20% equal to a single discount of?

Sol:    {[(100-40)/100]*[(100-20)/100]}%=(60*80)/(100*100)%
                                        =48%
        single discount is equal to (100-48)%=52%
                                               

Share this

Related Posts

Previous
Next Post »

Popular Posts